Monday, October 29, 2007

Exhausting Sunday Morning

For those who missed it.
It was exhausted but fun.
Good exercise with quite okay environment and fresh air.
Only setback is too frequent the tour buses and working vehicles passed by us.
We have to move aside to make way for them.
Looking forward to go cycling again soon and probably visit the four season house on winter period.

Here are some photos that I like.

Monday, October 22, 2007

Wednesday, October 17, 2007

天坛 (Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing)


文字载于维基百科, 天坛.

天坛始建于明永乐十八年(1420年),最初实行天地合祀,叫做天地坛。嘉靖九年(1530年)实行四郊分祀制度后,在北郊觅地另建地坛,原天地 坛则专事 祭天、祈穀和祈雨,并改名为天坛。清代基本沿袭明制,在乾隆年间曾进行过大规模的改扩建。目前的主体建筑除祈年门和皇乾殿是明代建筑外,其余都是清代建造 的。



1860年和1900年天坛先后被英法联军和八国联军占据,他们将几乎所有的陈设和祭器都席卷而去。八国联军甚至还把司令部设在这里,並在圜丘坛上架设大 炮,攻击正阳门和紫禁城。中华民国成立后,除袁世凯登基外,天坛不再进行任何祭祀活动。1918年起闢为公园,正式对民众开放。目前园内古柏葱鬱,是北京 城南的一座大型园林

天坛佔地约273万平方米,是故宫面积的四倍。作为中国规模最大、伦理等级最高的古代祭祀建筑群,它的布局严谨,建筑结构独特,装饰瑰丽,巧妙地运用了力学、声学和几何学等原理,具有较高的历史、科学和文化价值,在中国建筑史上占有重要的地位。



天坛被两重坛墙分隔成内坛和外坛,形似“回”字。两重坛墙的南侧转角皆为直角,北侧转角皆为圆弧形,象征着“天圆地方”。


圜丘坛


圜丘坛是皇帝举行祭天大礼的地方,始建于嘉靖九年(1530年)。坛平面呈圆形,共分三层,皆设汉白玉栏板。坛面原来使用蓝琉璃砖,乾隆十四年(1749年)重建后,改用坚硬耐久的艾叶青石铺设。每层的栏杆头上都刻有云龙纹,在每一栏杆下又向外伸出一石螭头,用于坛面排水。顶层中心的圆形石板叫做太阳石或者天心石,站在其上呼喊或敲击,声波会被近旁的栏板反射,形成显著的回音。


古时只有皇帝可以站在天心石上,注意周围的扇面形石块,共有9层。最内一层有9块石块,而每往外一层就递增9

古代中国将单数称作阳数,双数称作阴数。在阳数中,数字
9是“阳数之极”,表示天体的至高至大,叫作“天数”。圜丘坛的栏板望柱和台阶数等,处处是 9或者9的倍数。顶层圆形石板的外层是扇面形石块,共有9层。最内一层有9块石块,而每往外一层就递增9块,中下层亦是如此。三层栏板的数量分别是72 块、108块和180块,相加正好360块。三层坛面的直径总和为45(9X5)丈,除了是9的倍数外,还暗含“九五之尊”的寓意。

圜丘坛外有两重围墙,内圆外方,四面各闢棂星门一座。西南角有望灯台三座(南北二座只余遗迹),东南角有燔柴炉、瘗坎、燎炉和具服台。坛东还有神库、神厨、宰牲亭、祭器库、乐器库和棕建库等附属建筑。




祈年殿

祈年殿在天坛的北部,也称为祈穀坛,原名大祈殿、大享殿,始建于明永 乐十八年(1420年),是天坛最早的建筑物。乾隆十六年(1751年)修缮后,改名为祈年殿。光绪十五年(1889年)毁于雷火,数年后按原样重建。目 前的祈年殿是一座直径32.72米的圆形建筑,鎏金宝顶蓝瓦三重檐攒尖顶,层层收进,总高38米。


结构不用横梁,四根四季龙柱,中圈十二根十二个月柱,外层十二十二个时辰柱.

祈年殿的内部结构比较独特,不用大梁和长檁,仅用楠木柱和枋桷相互衔 接支撑屋顶。殿内有楠木柱二十八根,数目排列切合天象:中央4根龙柱高19.2米、直径1.2米,象征季,中圈12根金柱象征一年十二个月,外层12根 巨柱象征一天十二个时辰,中层和外层相加象征二十四节气,三层柱总共28根象征二十八宿。殿内地板的正中是一块圆形大理石,带有天然的龙凤花纹,与殿顶的 蟠龙藻井和四周彩绘金描的龙凤和玺图案相互呼应,使整座殿堂显得十分富丽堂皇。




皇穹宇

圜丘坛以北是皇穹宇,祭天时使用的祭祀神牌都存放在这里。它始建于嘉靖九年(1530年),初名泰神殿,十七年(1538年)起改称皇穹宇。乾隆十七年(1752年)重修后为鎏金宝顶单檐攒尖顶建筑,用蓝色琉璃瓦铺设屋顶,象征青天。大殿直径15.6米,高19.02米,由八根金柱和八根檐柱共同支撑起巨大的殿顶,三层天花藻井层层收进,构造精巧。殿正中有汉白玉雕花的圆形石座,供奉“皇天上帝”牌位,左右配享皇帝祖先的神牌。正殿东西各有配殿,分别供奉日月星辰和云雨雷电等诸神牌位。整个殿宇的外观状似圆亭,坐落在2米多高的汉白玉须弥座台基上,周围均设石护栏。

皇穹宇的正殿和配殿都被一堵圆形围墙环绕,墙高3.72米,直径61.5米,周长193米。内侧墙面平整光洁,能够有规则地传递声波,而且回音悠长,故称“回音壁”。另外,在皇穹宇殿前到大门中间的石板路上,由北向南的三块石板叫做三音石。在皇穹宇门窗关闭而且附近没有障碍物的情况下,站立于第一块石板上击掌,可听到回音一声;于第二块石板上击掌,可听到回音两声;于第三块石板上击掌,可听到回音三声。




建筑特点

北京天坛是世界上最大的古代祭天建筑群。在中国,祭天仪式起源于周朝,自汉代以来,历朝历代的帝王都对此极为重视。明永乐以后,每年冬至、正月上辛日和孟夏(夏季的首月),帝王们都要来天坛举行祭天和祈穀的仪式。如果遇上少雨的年份,还会在圜丘坛进行祈雨。在祭祀前,通常需要斋戒。祭祀时,除了献上供品,皇帝也要率领文武百官朝拜祷告,以祈求上苍的垂怜施恩。

天坛建筑的主要设计思想就是要突出天空的辽阔高远,以表现“天”的至高无上。在布局方面,内坛位于外坛的南北中轴线以东,而圜丘坛和祈年坛又位于内坛中轴线的东面,这些都是为了增加西侧的空旷程度,使人们从西边的正门进入天坛后,就能获得开阔的视野,以感受到上天的伟大和自身的渺小。就单体建筑来说,祈年殿和皇穹宇都使用了圆形攒尖顶,它们外部的台基和屋檐层层收缩上举,也体现出一种与天接近的感觉。

天坛还处处展示着中国传统文化所特有的寓意、象征的表现手法。北圆南方的坛墙和圆形建筑搭配方形外墙的设计,都寓意着传统的“天圆地方”的宇宙观。而主要建筑上广泛地使用蓝色琉璃瓦,以及圜丘坛重视“阳数”、祈年殿按天象列柱等设计,也是这种表现手法的具体体现。













Tuesday, October 16, 2007

真他妈孙子 .......... (The way of Pekingnese)

Out of the 1 week experience, the people that I met in Beijing is rude, but nice.

Having said that, I must clarify that I'm not a Professor or Human Mannerism neither I know the place and the people so well. I'm just saying based on my limited experience and what I'm observed along the way. So take this with a pinch of salt before you start stereotyping every Pekingnese is rude.

What do I mean by rude, but nice??? Dang, that sound like contradicting but that's exactly what I felt back there. The first 2 person that I'm met there was our company partner's personnel. 1 being slightly older than me named "李冠军" and the other in his early 40's which we called him "马师父". They've come to the airport early morning to pick us up and what more is the flight delayed for nearly 1 hour. Despite the age seniority and the waiting, their hospitality is overwhelming. I'm so uncomfortable that they even rush to open the car door for you even it's just between your hand reach. The help you with your luggages, open your door, close your door and Bam, let's hit the road now. Once master Ma on the front of wheel, he then demonstrated me the way of driving in Beijing. Of course there are rules of driving there, but we can ignore the red, zebra crossing and all the insignificant one, the number 1 rule is honking. They HONK all the way till their destination. Is hair triggered and they won't hesitate to honk at all opportunities, the girl that try to cross the road, the girl that halfway crossing the road, the auntie that already crossed the road, the car in front that stop for pedestrian, the bicycle in front, the bicycle that riding on the side of the road, at the junction, at the fast lane, at the slow lane, at the opposite lane and all that you can imagine. Unlike here in Malaysia, the driver will stop for the pedestrian crossing but it's surely not usual practice in Beijing. They won't even let you while you already halfway crossing and and forcibly stop at inches before hitting you and apply the rule number 1, honkkkkk. While we were on a red light queue, one of this young lady took the in-between time to cross the road and waving her hand making this "please stop" gesture like we usually do when crossing road, in return was a line of curse that carry the meaning "don't fucking tell me what to do". Me and my friend looked each other in the eye and speechless.

None other than the waitress there giving me more of this impression of Beijing people are rude. Note that all this are well decorated and big dining restaurant with the waitress all dressing in uniform. Not all of the waitress, but most of them seems to confuse between herself and the customer. They virtually throw and slam the dishes on your dining table and turn away leaving your stunned there for seconds. Asking for spoon, tissue paper and such will very much dependent on your luck. Sometimes you get it right away, but sometimes you need to keep asking for many times before they bring you one extra spoon while the whole table asking for it. Twice, in 2 different places we ask the waitress to refill the tea pot end up the tea pot never show up again. One of our tour mate is a nun and require special order of vegetarian food. When the dining table is running out of space, the waitress came and stacked a bowl full of meat over the sifu's vegetarian food. For crying out loud, I almost choked myself seeing that. Not to mentioned that those showing faces while you asking for tissue or turning on the fan. A irrelevant side note, just in case you need to go to the toilet after that, always follow your nose. If your nose says no, then you better not, or risk wasting all your meals.

Our tour guide, a young man on his perhaps early 30's. A definitely well educated, well versed speaker, decent and according to many of his talk, coming from a renowned, influential family in the PRC. But one minute he is our nice tour, but one minute next, he is fiercely quarrellings with another rude sales girl that calling him "fucking deaf"(你他妈的聋啦).
I'm sure you wouldn't drag your self down to the bitchy standard even you are mistreated in Malaysia, like in Sungai Wang for example.
But this guy is definitely bloody loaded for a tour guide, constantly travel between Beijing and Malaysian, and according to the Malaysian tour guide, spending few thousands every month on the phone with her Penang girlfriend. He know Penang, KL and Johor more than most Malaysian and he even speak some simple Malay.

In all many possible way, the sale girl in the shopping plaza that forces you to buy something, literally drags you inside of her shop, or blocking you when you are on your way out, curse you for not buying, the people that keep bugging you to buy souvenir from his/her on the road side, the mother that put her children in filthy clothes and fingernails cornered you for money and asking for your watch, ring and possessions, the guy that pee on the side of the road, split, and the 3 girls that keep kicking my seat and talk loudly for 6 hours on the flight. I got scolded from an auntie for refusing to buy her souvenir but later on bought from another old man that followed me all the way. It was out of sympathy (that this old man keep walking beside me begging me to buy it and ignoring the car) and I decided to buy from him although I don't need them. The ladies quickly came and reprimanded me for told her "Don't want it, thanks" but now buying from other, with vulgar of course.

I'm not saying that we don't see this happens in Malaysia, especially our notorious Petaling Street. We have our fair share of problems and rough peoples on the streets and in the car too. Just that they are on a different level and they don't think it is anything wrong with their way. They don't necessarily meant to offend you but somehow their normal way seems to be too rude for our Malaysian standard. 2 words, "culture gap". As you may don't know, calling any ladies like the waitress "小姐"(one way of saying miss) are extremely crude to their standard which is totally fine in Malaysia, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Calling them that is like calling them whore which would get them angry if they haven't meet enough tourist. So in some way, we are being rude without knowing it too.

So a word of advise is don't be too serious on the way they treated you as they may not mean to harm your feeling at all. Life is hard there of the Billions competitions and everyone is making a living out of the limited opportunities and to take care of your feeling is certainly of the lower priority. I'd say you give a shrug and enjoy the things that worth your attention more. They are trying nonetheless and one can see so many signs of "迎奥运、讲文明、树新风" in Beijing.

Worth mentioning is our tour bus driver is a totally nice guy to be with. He talked to us about Beijing and brought us to some local delicacies at night even he only paid to drive us. Ten hours of driving, few hours of waiting in the bus and he still nice to drink with us, and going out for supper with us on his resting time. During one of this talk where a word slipped his mouth and there's where I learn something new. "真他妈孙子".

Friday, October 5, 2007

Bye Bye Beijing.

I'm back from Beijing and it's nonetheless a very unforgettable experience for me seeing the capital of China, the nation where my ancestor originally come from.

It's not necessary nice for our Malaysian standard but I will say a place very worth visit for if you like roast duck, salty & oily food, beer, historical places, beautiful building, Chinese culture, panda, cold weather(well, autumn), stinking restroom, shopping, bargaining, and being cheated. I hope I get to go there again to make mends for the most important places I missed, the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. But it's really not a good time now as the Summer Olympic games is imminent.

Will be back for more and more picture.